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- <text id=93TT0140>
- <title>
- July 12, 1993: Singing the Blue Cross Blues
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- July 12, 1993 Reno:The Real Thing
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- BUSINESS, Page 48
- Singing the Blue Cross Blues
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>The shocking tale of mismanagement and mischief at New York's
- huge health insurer is far from unique
- </p>
- <p>By RICHARD BEHAR
- </p>
- <p> If his former customers ever get a chance to confront him,
- Albert Cardone may need plenty of health insurance. Before his
- ouster in May as chairman of New York's Empire Blue Cross and
- Blue Shield, he took home $600,000 a year in his chauffeur-driven
- Lincoln Town Car. The salary and transportation were paid for
- by the nation's largest nonprofit health insurer at a time when
- it was trying to stave off insolvency by drastically raising
- the premiums of the elderly, the poor and the chronically sick.
- But, as Cardone once asked a New York Times reporter, is it
- ``fair" for a man of his stature to take a train to work every
- day?
- </p>
- <p> Then there were the helicopter trips, the accounts at Tiffany
- and Cartier for Empire employees and directors, the fleet of
- 123 cars, the $130,000 in art and sculpture, the $62,832 in
- tacky silk plants, the $48,000 in computer and security systems
- in Cardone's home and so on. As part of an aborted redesign
- of his office, the imperious Cardone bought a $20,000 Chippendale
- desk, which was placed in storage and never used.
- </p>
- <p> In testimony last week before the U.S. Senate's Permanent Subcommittee
- on Investigations, Cardone defended his management of Empire,
- which has racked up $255 million in losses since 1990. Pressed
- by committee chairman Sam Nunn, Cardone denounced accusations
- of corruption and mismanagement as "absolutely untrue." He got
- little support, however, from Harold Vogt, Empire's current
- chairman, and Donald Morchower, the chief executive. They used
- to work closely with Cardone, but now seemed anxious to distance
- themselves. Vogt and Morchower, who admitted that Empire has
- had management problems, have agreed to step down when replacements
- can be found.
- </p>
- <p> Empire's leaders had no convincing response to the damning testimony
- of their chief auditor, Maroa Velez. She told of being "stonewalled"
- by superiors when she tried to investigate discrepancies between
- internal books and the financial reports Empire sent to regulators.
- The company allegedly overstated losses incurred in providing
- insurance to poor customers. Those exaggerated losses helped
- persuade the state legislature to force Empire's competitors
- to take over some of its least profitable business. Despite
- Cardone's denials, Manhattan's district attorney has launched
- a criminal probe to determine whether the tough ex-Marine or
- his aides falsified records or committed perjury.
- </p>
- <p> What makes the Empire story so sad is how familiar it is. Some
- $70 billion flows annually through the U.S. system of 70 not-for-profit
- Blue Cross and Blue Shield companies, which control more than
- 30% of the private health-insurance market. While the majority
- of the "Blues" are financially sound, others, like Empire, have
- been walloped by spiraling health costs and "cherry picking"--the loss of the best customers to for-profit rivals. Gross
- mismanagement and lax oversight in many states have raised urgent
- questions: Can the Blues still carry out their mission as insurers
- of last resort? Are they too big and powerful to be regulated
- properly? Should the executives of these nonprofits enjoy the
- same perks as their brethren at FORTUNE 500 companies?
- </p>
- <p> In 1989 New Hampshire regulators had to intervene when the state's
- Blue Cross and Blue Shield exhausted its cash reserves. West
- Virginia's Blue ran out of money three years ago, leaving 51,000
- individuals with unpaid claims. Investigators discovered that
- among other unethical management practices, executives had funneled
- Blue Cross money to businesses in which they had a financial
- interest.
- </p>
- <p> Maryland's Blue Cross plan suffered a drop in net worth from
- $122 million in 1985 to $25 million by the end of 1992. The
- recently departed boss, Carl Sardegna, was given compensation
- of $775,000, twice the average for the Blues. In return the
- plan's policyholders received abysmal service marred by delays
- and lost claims. U.S. Senate investigators accused Sardegna
- and colleagues of overstating the company's net worth, keeping
- its directors in the dark and printing deceptive advertising
- about its fiscal health.
- </p>
- <p> Throwing money around came easily to Blue Cross of Washington,
- D.C. From 1985 to 1992, the plan's aptly named chief, Joseph
- Gamble, spawned roughly 40 subsidiaries, from a global travel
- and lost-baggage service to a Blue Cross of Jamaica. Total net
- losses: $182 million. Gamble enjoyed frequent Concorde flights
- to Europe and $900-a-night suites in Barbados.
- </p>
- <p> Fortunately, all this rotten publicity and turmoil have chastened
- the Blues. Many have become stronger by merging with other companies.
- Last year 17 of the plans were in very bad shape, according
- to Weiss Research, an insurance rating firm. Today Weiss says
- only 11 are hurting, yet those plans serve 16 million Americans.
- Meanwhile the Blue Cross and Blue Shield trade group boasts
- that net income for the 70 plans was $736 million in the first
- quarter of 1993, up from $349 million last year.
- </p>
- <p> The problem is that such figures are furnished by the companies.
- Naturally, if the numbers are fudged, as they allegedly were
- in New York and Maryland, then all tallies are suspect. And,
- as Senator Nunn put it last week, "If this nation is ever to
- truly reform its health-care system, we must find a way to hold
- insurers accountable to their subscribers, to regulators and
- to the public at large."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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